Oxidase-Mimicking Nanozymes: Recent Development and Biomedical Applications

Oxidases are highly efficient biocatalysts in enzymes-involved cellular metabolism of all living systems, which have been widely used in various fields including biosensing, therapeutics, environmental protection and other industries. With the enormous development of nanozymes, oxidase-mimicking nanomaterials have been recognized as promising alternatives for natural oxidases due to the tunable catalytic activity and high stability. Recently, increasing researchers are focusing their attention on the oxidase-mimicking nanomaterials with specific substrates of various natural oxidases, such as glucose, cysteine, and cytochrome c. To highlight the attractive development of oxidase-mimicking nanomaterials, this chapter introduces the current progress of various oxidase-mimicking nanozymes based on the acting group of specific substrates, such as hydroxyl groups, sulfur group, and metal ions. In addition, their biomedical applications in biosensing and disease therapeutics are outlined in detail. We anticipate this review will provide useful guidance for the innovation and development of oxidase-mimicking nanomaterials.