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Observing Marine Inorganic Carbon
Author(s):
- Ellen M. BriggsAssistant ProfessorUniversity of Hawaii, MānoaEmail: [email protected]More by Ellen M. Briggs
- Mallory C. RinghamPostdoctoral AssociateStony Brook UniversityEmail: [email protected]More by Mallory C. Ringham
Publication Date:
May 30, 2023
Copyright ©
2023 American Chemical Society
eISBN:
9780841299801
DOI:
10.1021/acsinfocus.7e7010
Read Time:
four to five hours
Collection:
2
Publisher:
American Chemical Society
Technology has always played a major role in oceanography; new advances have changed how we observe the ocean. Among the many interests driving marine carbon observations, ocean acidification and marine carbon dioxide removal are at the forefront of research requiring better sensing options. There has been a recent explosion of interest in adapting existing technologies and developing new methods to provide much greater coverage of monitoring and better constraining the marine carbon cycle.
As new players come to the field from various industries and backgrounds, we often field questions about why we don’t yet have commercially available in situ sensors for more biogeochemical parameters. There are many challenges to working in marine environments regardless of what we are trying to measure, and producing quality data on the time and space scales required for carbon cycle work is a huge task. Many clever people have faced these challenges with fervor and creativity, and we look forward to exciting new developments in this field.
This primer provides some frame of reference for the options that are presently available and provides an idea of what is coming on the horizon.
This book is coming soon. In the meantime, please contact your library or ACS sales representative for purchase options.
Detailed Table of Contents
About the Series
Preface
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1
The Marine Inorganic Carbon System
1.2
Hot Topics with Major Interests in Observing Marine Inorganic Carbon
1.2.1
Carbon Cycling
1.2.2
Coastal Ocean
1.2.3
Ocean Acidification
1.2.4
Ocean Carbon Dioxide Removal
1.3
That’s a Wrap
1.4
Test Your Understanding
1.5
Read These Next
Chapter 2
Platforms and Observational Programs
2.1
Spatiotemporal Sampling Strategies and Requirements
2.2
Challenges of Working in Marine Environment
2.3
Autonomous Platforms and Programs
2.4
That’s a Wrap
2.5
Test Your Understanding
2.6
Read These Next
Chapter 3
pH
3.1
Parameter Overview
3.1.1
Potentiometric Determination of pH
3.2
Gold-Standard Measurement in Seawater
3.3
Commercial Technologies
3.4
Interesting Applications
3.5
That’s a Wrap
3.6
Test Your Understanding
3.7
Read These Next
Chapter 4
Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (pCO2)
4.1
Parameter Overview
4.2
Measurement Principle
4.2.1
Gas-Based pCO2 Analytical Techniques
4.2.2
Electrochemical pCO2 Measurements
4.2.3
Wet Chemical Systems
4.2.4
pCO2 Optodes
4.3
Commercial Technologies
4.4
Interesting Applications
4.5
That’s a Wrap
4.6
Test Your Understanding
4.7
Read These Next
Chapter 5
Total Alkalinity
5.1
Overview of Total Alkalinity
5.2
Gold-Standard Measurement for AT
5.3
New and Emerging Technologies
5.4
Interesting Applications
5.4.1
Carbon Dioxide Removal
5.4.2
Organic Alkalinity
5.5
That’s a Wrap
5.6
Test Your Understanding
5.7
Read These Next
Chapter 6
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC)
6.1
Overview of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon
6.2
Gold-Standard Measurement for DIC
6.2.1
Challenges in Technological Development
6.3
New and Emerging Technologies
6.4
Interesting Applications
6.4.1
Ocean Acidification
6.4.2
Carbon Dioxide Removal
6.5
That’s a Wrap
6.6
Test Your Understanding
6.7
Read These Next
Chapter 7
Concluding Remarks
7.1
Calculations with Marine CO2 Parameters
7.1.1
Popular CO2 System Software Packages
7.1.2
CO2 System Data Estimations
7.2
Salinity Normalization
7.3
Calibration and Reference Materials
7.4
That’s a Wrap
7.5
Test Your Understanding
7.6
Read These Next
Acronyms
Bibliography
Index
Reviewer quotes
This is an excellent primer on techniques and technologies for measuring various components of the marine carbonate system. It covers laboratory-based analyses as well as in situ ship-board measurements and autonomous observing systems for measuring pH, pCO2, Alkalinity, and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon. There is a particular focus on emerging technological advances and the practicalities of measuring each property. This primer serves as a great introduction to the topic for graduate students and early career researchers in adjacent fields.
This digital primer is a very good “up-to-date” introduction on how to measure the variables of “marine inorganic carbon chemistry.” I will give it to all my M.Sc and Ph.D. students interested in this topic. I will most likely also make it available to our M.Sc students in our courses in marine biology.
Ellen Briggs has been an Assistant Professor in the Ocean and Resources Engineering Department at the University of Hawaii at Manoa since 2020. She received a Ph.D. in Oceanography and an M.S. in Earth Science from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 2017 and 2014, respectively, and a B.S. in Chemistry from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2011. Her research involves the development of sensors for measuring the aqueous carbon dioxide system in seawater with a focus on an in situ pH and total alkalinity sensor. She has spent over 250 days at sea collecting seawater CO2 observations and deploying profiling floats and other instrumentation. Briggs enjoys every step of the way, from proof of concept to field deployment!
Mallory Ringham is an observational chemical oceanographer working on ocean carbon dioxide removal through electrochemical ocean alkalinity enhancement. She received a Ph.D. from the Joint Program in Chemical Oceanography from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 2022, following an M.S. in Earth Sciences and B.S. in Physics and Chemical Engineering at Syracuse University. She recently finished a postdoc at Stony Brook University on the SEA MATE project, and is now lead oceanographer for measurement, reporting, and verification of carbon dioxide removal at Ebb Carbon, Inc. Her research has involved inorganic ocean carbon sensor development (CHANOS II DIC), field observations in various coastal carbon cycling projects, and ocean alkalinity enhancement experiments.
